Every line above is reproduced from the holding institution’s own catalogue entry, which is linked. Where their title, date or attribution differs from ours, theirs is the one printed here.
The moon under her feet and the sun around her come from the Apocalypse — but that vision is an image lent to Mary, not the argument for the doctrine. When Rome defined it in 1854, it reasoned from Genesis and from Luke and never cited the Apocalypse.
Francisco Pacheco laid down the rules in Seville in 1649: white tunic, blue mantle, the moon below. The Prado's judgement is that Murillo kept a few and quietly cleared the rest away.
Seville had sworn its oath to the belief in 1617, the year Murillo was born — 237 years early.
Sources: c. 1680, oil on canvas, accession 1959.189; the crescent moon from the vision of the woman clothed with the sun; dogma only in 1854; Murillo born 1617 · the defining document argues from Genesis and from Luke and never cites the Apocalypse · Pacheco's rules of 1649, and the Prado's judgement that Murillo kept some and reduced the rest · Seville's cathedral chapter and city council swore their oath to the belief on 8 December 1617
Printed on demand. Public-domain masterwork, reproduced from a 6,099 px master of the original. The whole image is printed — never cropped to fit the sheet — so every sheet carries an archival margin, and the dimensions and resolution listed above are the ones you receive.